浅析新农村建设形势下耕地储备的运作模式

文章分析了新农村建设的新形势:新产业、新设施、新村镇、新班子、新风貌、新公共服务、新社会保障;指出新农村建设提出了耕地储备的要求;提出了3种不同类型的耕地储备运作模式:政府主导的政府+企业型、企业主导的政府+企业型、政府支持的农户自愿型;指出目前应建立政府主导型的耕地储备运作模式,并分析了其必要性、可行性及对策。     

工业磨机中质量传输规律的确定及其控制研究

用Z-RTD模型研究了工业型滚筒式磨机磨矿过程中的动态特性,确定了工业磨机中质量传输的若干规律和控制依据。     

金属矿床评价计算模型的综合比较与选优

评估体系是实现企业开发决策及其科学生产的主要手段。本文通过对综合评价法、TOPSIS法和ELECTRE法的分析与比较,将三种算法相济运用;在三种算法所得结果不一致时,得出用社会选择方法来判定那个方法的评价结果可信度更高的结论。     

Statistical Criteria and Estimation Results for Regularities of Gas-Dynamic Phenomenon Distribution in Potash Deposits

An analysis and estimate are performed for possible schemes of spatial distribution of gas-dynamic phenomena in potash deposits by the methods of mathematical statistics. The problem stated is solved by comparing the numerical characteristics of the events observed and those obtained on the basis of the theoretical model developed.     

煤炭需求的灰色预测方法

本文应用灰色预测理论，建立了煤炭需求预测模型，并对我国1996年至2O00年的煤炭需求量进行了预测。经检验，其结果是令人满意的，说明这种方法在煤炭需求预测方面具有一定的实用价值。     

A new direct version of the Cook-Mayne method for wind pressure probabilities in temperate storms

The original Cook-Mayne (CM) method for obtaining a wind pressure or load of a prescribed probability is reviewed. A new direct calculation method is introduced. This does not require either Monte Carlo simulations or the assumption that extreme pressures conform to the ultimate Fisher-Tippett Type I asymptote. The required value is calculated directly with no intermediate stages. The new method still relies on the original assumptions that both the pressure coefficient and the wind dynamic head have extremes which conform to the ultimate FT1 asymptote.Violation of these two assumptions is studied in some cases where calculations based on these assumptions are compared with exact results. The direct CM method is found to retain accuracy in spite of departures from the assumptions and therefore can provide a robust design tool.     

几种有代表性的约束混凝土滞回模型

约束混凝土模型是结构非线性计算机模拟分析的基础之一,它包括应力—应变模型与滞回模型两个部分。通过文献层面的分析比较,从约束混凝土滞回模型中优选其中5种加以介绍,并对部分模型存在的不足进行了分析与修正。     

Slide rule estimates of Fire Growth

A series of prediction methods has been assembled to provide an analytical basis for estimating fire growth in compartments. Solutions for each prediction method can be made using programmable scientific calculators. Prediction methods are presented for: fire size and growth rates, mass loss rates, radiant heat flux, flame height, radial flame impingement, heat flux to a ceiling, smoke filling of a room, carbon monoxide hazard with smoldering fires, temperature rise in a compartment, ventilation flow rate, flashover occurrence, corridor smoke transfer and filling, smoke concentration, visibility, flame spread rates, and fire burn time.These predictive methods are useful for estimating many of the critical elements related to fire behavior and help provide a better understanding of this complex phenomenon.This report appears as Appendix B inFire Growth in Combat Ships by J. G. Quintiere, H. R. Baum and J. R. Lawson, NBSIR 85-3159. Reference: J. R. Lawson and J. G. Quintiere, Slide Rule Estimates of Fire Growth,Fire Technology, Vol. 21, No. 4, November 1985, p. 267.This paper is a contribution of the National Bureau of Standards and is not subject to copyright.     

Modern Geodetic Methods of Constructing Digital Three-Dimensional Models for the Monitoring of Engineering Structures

A brief review of modern surface geodetic methods used in monitoring projects ranging in size from several tens of meters to several kilometers is presented. Buildings and various engineering structures, as well as slide-prone types of natural entities, pulsating glaciers, etc. are classed among these entities. Use of digital three-dimensional models of observable entities, which are developed from results of laser scanning and/or a digital photogrammetric survey, is proposed.     

Spatial variability in mortality inequalities, socioeconomic deprivation, and air pollution in small areas of the Barcelona Metropolitan Region, Spain

Background

There is evidence that geographic variability of social health inequalities continues to exist even after individual risk factors have been taken into account. However, relatively few studies have examined the contribution of exposure to air pollutants to those inequalities.

Objectives

To study the geographic variability of inequalities in mortality and their associations with socioeconomic and environmental inequalities in small areas of the metropolitan of Barcelona during the period 1994 to 2003.

Methods

As in the MEDEA Project, the small area unit was the census tract. Study population consisted of the residents of the metropolitan area of Barcelona. Response variables were all-cause and specific-cause standardized mortality ratio (SMR). Explanatory variables were deprivation index, summarizing socioeconomic variables of the census tracts, and estimates of air pollutant exposures. Bayesian hierarchical models were used in order to reduce the extra variability when using SMR and to assess associations between mortality and deprivation and air pollution.

Results

Statistically significant associations with deprivation were found for the causes of death related to consumption of tobacco and alcohol for men and, besides lung cancer, diet-related causes for women. Statistically significant pollution coefficients were only found in the metropolitan area of Barcelona and in men. A positive interaction between pollutants and the deprivation index was statistically significant for respiratory mortality and PM₁₀, and ischemic disease mortality and NO₂, both for men.

Conclusions

We found deprivation to be associated in a statistically significant way with the geographical variation in mortality in the census tracts of the metropolitan area of Barcelona, in the period 1994 to 2003. Those air pollutants more directly related with traffic modify some of these associations.